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24. Operational Risk

No: 44047144 Date(g): 27/12/2022 | Date(h): 4/6/1444 Status: In-Force
24.1The disclosure requirements under this section are:
 
 24.1.1Table ORA - General qualitative information on a bank's operational risk framework
 
 24.1.2Template OR1 - Historical losses
 
 24.1.3Template OR2 - Business indicator and subcomponents
 
 24.1.4Template OR3 - Minimum required operational risk capital
 
Table ORA: General qualitative information on a bank’s operational risk framework
Purpose: To describe the main characteristics and elements of a bank’s operational risk management framework.
Scope of application: The table is mandatory for all banks
Content: Qualitative information.
Frequency: Annual.
Format: Flexible.
Banks must describe

a)
Their policies, frameworks and guidelines for the management of operational risk.
b)The structure and organisation of their operational risk management and control function.
c)Their operational risk measurement system (ie the systems and data used to measure operational risk in order to estimate the operational risk capital charge).
d)The scope and main context of their reporting framework on operational risk to executive management and to the board of directors.
e)The risk mitigation and risk transfer used in the management of operational risk. This includes mitigation by policy (such as the policies on risk culture, risk appetite, and outsourcing), by divesting from high-risk businesses, and by the establishment of controls. The remaining exposure can then be absorbed by the bank or transferred. For instance, the impact of operational losses can be mitigated with insurance.

Template OR1: Historical losses
Purpose: To disclose aggregate operational losses incurred over the past 10 years, based on the accounting date of the incurred losses. This disclosure informs the operational risk capital calculation. The general principle on retrospective disclosure set out in section 8.2 does not apply for this template. From the implementation date of the template onwards, disclosure of all prior periods is required, unless firms have been permitted by SAMA to use fewer years in their capital calculation on a transitional basis.
Scope of application: The table is mandatory for: (i) all banks that are in the second or third business indicator (BI) bucket, regardless of whether SAMA has exercised the national discretion to set the internal loss multiplier (ILM) equal to one; and (ii) all banks in the first BI bucket which have received SAMA approval to include internal loss data to calculate their operational risk capital requirements.
Content: Qualitative information.
Frequency: Annual.
Format: Fixed.
Accompanying narrative: Banks are expected to supplement the template with narrative commentary explaining the rationale in aggregate, for new loss exclusions since the previous disclosure. Banks should disclose any other material information, in aggregate, that would help inform users as to its historical losses or its recoveries, with the exception of confidential and proprietary information, including information about legal reserves.
 
  abcdefghijk
  TT-1T-2T-3t-4t-5t-6t-7t-8t-9Ten-year average
Using 44,600 SAR threshold
1Total amount of operational losses net of recoveries (no exclusions)           
2Total number of operational risk losses           
3Total amount of excluded operational risk losses           
4Total number of exclusions           
5Total amount of operational losses net of recoveries and net of excluded losses           
Using 446,000 SAR threshold
6Total amount of operational losses net of recoveries (no exclusions)           
7Total number of operational risk losses           
8Total amount of excluded operational risk losses           
9Total number of exclusions           
10Total amount of operational losses net of recoveries and net of excluded losses           
Details of operational risk capital calculation
11Are losses used to calculate the ILM (yes/no)?           
12If “no” in row 11, is the exclusion of internal loss data due to non-compliance with the minimum loss data standards (yes/no)?           
13Loss event threshold: 44,600 SAR or 446,000 SAR for the operational risk capital calculation if applicable           

Definitions
 
Row 1: Based on a loss event threshold of 44,600 SAR, the total loss amount net of recoveries resulting from loss events above the loss event threshold for each of the last 10 reporting periods. Losses excluded from the operational risk capital calculation must still be included in this row.
 
Row 2: Based on a loss event threshold of 44,600 SAR, the total net loss amounts above the loss threshold excluded (eg due to divestitures) for each of the last 10 reporting periods.
 
Row 3: Based on a loss event threshold of 44,600 SAR, the total number of operational risk losses.
 
Row 4: Based on a loss event threshold of 44,600 SAR, the total number of exclusions.
 
Row 5: Based on a loss event threshold of 44,600 SAR, the total amount or operational risk losses net of recoveries and excluded losses.
 
Row 6: Based on a loss event threshold of 446,000 SAR, the total loss amount net of recoveries resulting from loss events above the loss event threshold for each of the last 10 reporting periods. Losses excluded from the operational risk capital calculation must still be included in this row.
 
Row 7: Based on a loss event threshold of 446,000 SAR, the total net loss amounts above the loss threshold excluded (eg due to divestitures) for each of the last 10 reporting periods.
 
Row 8: Based on a loss event threshold of 446,000 SAR, the total number of operational risk losses.
 
Row 9: Based on a loss event threshold of 446,000 SAR, the total number of exclusions.
 
Row 10: Based on a loss event threshold of 446,000 SAR, the total amount or operational risk losses net of recoveries and excluded losses.
 
Row 11: Indicate whether the bank uses operational risk losses to calculate the ILM. Banks using ILM=1 due to national discretion should answer no.
 
Row 12: Indicate whether internal loss data are not used in the ILM calculation due to non-compliance with the minimum loss data standards as referred to by SOPE7.4.1 and SOPE7.4.2. The application of any resulting multipliers must be disclosed in row 2 of Template OR3 and accompanied by a narrative.
 
Row 13: The loss event threshold used in the actual operational risk capital calculation (ie 44,600 SAR or 446,000 SAR) if applicable.
 
Columns: For rows 1 to 10, T denotes the end of the annual reporting period, T–1 the previous year-end, etc. Column (k) refers to the average annual losses net of recoveries and excluded losses over 10 years.
 
Notes:
 
Loss amounts and the associated recoveries should be reported in the year in which they were recorded in financial statements
 
Template OR2: Business Indicator and subcomponents
Purpose: To disclose the business indicator (BI) and its subcomponents, which inform the operational risk capital calculation. The general principle on retrospectiveظ disclosure set out in section 8.2 does not apply for this template. From the implementation date of this template onwards, disclosure of all prior periods is required.
Scope of application: The table is mandatory for all banks.
Content: Qualitative information.
Frequency: Annual.
Format: Fixed.
Accompanying narrative: Banks are expected to supplement the template with narrative commentary to explain any significant changes over the reporting period and the key drivers of such changes. Additional narrative is required for those banks that have received SAMA approval to exclude divested activities from the calculation of the BI.
 
  abc
 BI and its subcomponentsTT-1T-2
1Interest, lease and dividend component   
1aInterest and lease income   
1bInterest and lease expense   
1cInterest earning assets   
1dDividend income   
2Services component   
2aFee and commission income   
2bFee and commission expense   
2cOther operating income   
2dOther operating expense   
3Financial component   
3aNet P&L on the trading boo   
3bNet P&L on the banking boo   
4BI   
5Business indicator component (BIC)   

Disclosure on BI:
 		  
 a
6aBI gross of excluded divested activities 
6bReduction in BI due to excluded divested activities 

Definitions
 
Row 1: The interest, leases and dividend component (ILDC) = Min [Abs (Interest income – Interest expense); 2.25%* Interest-earning assets] + Dividend income. In the formula, all the terms are calculated as the average over three years: T, T–1 and T–2.
 
The interest-earning assets (balance sheet item) are the total gross outstanding loans, advances, interest-bearing securities (including government bonds) and lease assets measured at the end of each financial year.
 
Row 1a: Interest income from all financial assets and other interest income (includes interest income from financial and operating leases and profits from leased assets).
 
Row 1b: Interest expenses from all financial liabilities and other interest expenses (includes interest expense from financial and operating leases, losses, depreciation and impairment of operating leased assets)
 
Row 1c: Total gross outstanding loans, advances, interest-bearing securities (including government bonds) and lease assets measured at the end of each financial year.
 
Row 1d: Dividend income from investments in stocks and funds not consolidated in the bank’s financial statements, including dividend income from nonconsolidated subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures.
 
Row 2: Service component (SC) = Max (Fee and commission income; Fee and commission expense) + Max (Other operating income; Other operating expense). In the formula, all the terms are calculated as the average over three years: T, T–1 and T–2.
 
Row 2a: Income received from providing advice and services. Includes income received by the bank as an outsourcer of financial services.
 
Row 2b: Expenses paid for receiving advice and services. Includes outsourcing fees paid by the bank for the supply of financial services, but not outsourcing fees paid for the supply of non-financial services (eg logistical, IT, human resources).
 
Row 2c: Income from ordinary banking operations not included in other BI items but of a similar nature (income from operating leases should be excluded).
 
Row 2d: Expenses and losses from ordinary banking operations not included in other BI items but of a similar nature and from operational loss events (expenses from operating leases should be excluded)
 
Row 3: Financial component (FC) = Abs (Net P&L Trading Book) + Abs (Net P&L Banking Book). In the formula, all the terms are calculated as the average over three years: T, T–1 and T–2.
 
Row 3a: This comprises (i) net profit/loss on trading assets and trading liabilities (derivatives, debt securities, equity securities, loans and advances, short positions, other assets and liabilities); (ii) net profit/loss from hedge accounting; and (iii) net profit/loss from exchange differences.
 
Row 3b: This comprises (i) net profit/loss on financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss; (ii) realised gains/losses on financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value through profit and loss (loans and advances, assets available for sale, assets held to maturity, financial liabilities measured at amortised cost); (iii) net profit/loss from hedge accounting; and (iv) net profit/loss from exchange differences.
 
Row 4: The BI is the sum of the three components: ILDC, SC and FC.
 
Row 5: Calculated by multiplying the BI by a set of regulatory determined marginal coefficients or percentages specified in section SOPE7.1.
 
Disclosure on BI should be reported by banks that have received SAMA approval to excluded divested activities from the calculation of the BI.
 
Row 6a: The BI reported in this row includes divested activities.
 
Row 6b: Difference between BI gross of divested activities (row 6a) and BI net of divested activities (row 4).
 
Columns: T denotes the end of the annual reporting period, T–1 the previous year-end, etc.
 
Linkages across templates
 
[OR2:5/a] is equal to [OR3:1/a]
 
Template OR3: Minimum required operational risk capital
Purpose: To disclose operational risk regulatory capital requirements.
Scope of application: The table is mandatory for all banks.
Content: Qualitative information.
Frequency: Annual.
Format: Fixed.
 
  a
1Business indicator component (BIC) 
2Internal loss multiplier (ILM) 
3Minimum required operational risk capital (ORC) 
4Operational risk RWA 

Definitions
 
Row 1: The BIC used for calculating minimum regulatory capital requirements for operational risk.
 
Row 2: The ILM used for calculating minimum regulatory capital requirements for operational risk (refer to SOPE7.3.4)
 
Row 3: Minimum Pillar 1 operational risk capital requirements. For banks using operational risk losses to calculate the ILM, this should correspond to the BIC times the ILM. For banks not using operational risk losses to calculate the ILM, this corresponds to the BIC.
 
Row 4: Converts the minimum Pillar 1 operational risk capital requirement into RWA.